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Ancient Greek analogue astronomical computer
The Antikythera mechanism (/ˌæntɪkɪˈθɪərə/ AN-tik-ih-THEER-ə, US also /ˌæntaɪkɪˈ-/ AN-ty-kih-) is an ancient Greek hand-powered orrery (model of the Solar
Antikythera_mechanism
Greek island
being the location of the discovery of the Antikythera mechanism and for the historical Roman-era Antikythera wreck. Its main settlement and port is Potamós
Antikythera
Roman-era shipwreck
device many regard as the world's oldest known analog computer, the Antikythera mechanism. These ancient artifacts, works of art, and elements of the ship
Antikythera_wreck
of the original fragments of the Antikythera mechanism and for the reconstruction of this Ancient Greek brass mechanism. Michael Wright studied physics
Michael_T._Wright_(curator)
British astrophysicist
galaxies. [2] Antikythera Mechanism Project team [3] An Initial Assessment of the Accuracy of the Gear Trains in the Antikythera Mechanism "In Our Time:
Mike_Edmunds
Arm attached to a rotating shaft for circular motion
connecting rod by a hinge. The Antikythera mechanism, dated to around 200 BC, used a crank as a part of its mechanism. The crank was used to manually
Crank_(mechanism)
Timepiece and astronomical prediction device
2008-03-17. "Solid Models of the Antikythera Mechanism | Antikythera Mechanism Research Project". www.antikythera-mechanism.gr. Archived from the original
Astrarium
Greek mathematician and physicist (c. 287 – 212 BC)
the known celestial bodies, and may have been a precursor to the Antikythera mechanism. He is also credited with designing innovative machines, such as
Archimedes
2024 studio album by Nightwish
"Yesterwynde" 2:43 2. "An Ocean of Strange Islands" 9:26 3. "The Antikythera Mechanism" Jansen with Troy Donockley 5:55 4. "The Day of..." 4:34 5. "Perfume
Yesterwynde
Australian historian of computing (1947–2002)
the quality of his research on this subject. His studies of the Antikythera mechanism, in collaboration with Michael T. Wright, led to the first working
Allan_G._Bromley
Mechanical model of the Solar System
1901 in a shipwreck off the Greek island of Antikythera in the Mediterranean Sea, the Antikythera mechanism has been reconstructed as exhibiting the diurnal
Orrery
Rotating circular machine part with teeth that mesh with another toothed part
(287–212 BC). The earliest surviving gears in Europe were found in the Antikythera mechanism, an example of a very early and intricate geared device, designed
Gear
Greek physicist
the early 2000s he was heavily involved in the decoding of the Antikythera mechanism. He was a founding member of the Hellenic Astronomical Society,
John_Hugh_Seiradakis
Greek bronze statue
The wreck site, which is dated about 70–60 BC, also yielded the Antikythera mechanism (an astronomical calculating device), a characterful head of a Stoic
Antikythera_Ephebe
Physicist and science historian (1922–1983)
information scientist. He was known for his investigation of the Antikythera mechanism, an ancient Greek planetary computer, and for quantitative studies
Derek_J._de_Solla_Price
Greek civilization from 1200 BC to 600 AD
which he proposed the modern system of apparent magnitudes. The Antikythera mechanism, a device for calculating the movements of planets, dates from about
Ancient_Greece
Artifacts that challenge historical chronology
provide such explanations are popular within conspiracy circles. Antikythera mechanism: A form of mechanical computer created between 150 and 100 BC based
Out-of-place_artifact
Technical communication document
example is the Antikythera Mechanism, a 2,000 year old Greek analogue computer that was found off the coast of the Greek island Antikythera in the year 1900
User_guide
Device which converts input forces and motion to output forces and motion
rotation between contacting toothed wheels can be traced back to the Antikythera mechanism of Greece and the south-pointing chariot of China. Illustrations
Mechanism_(engineering)
Applied science and research
Publishing USA, 2016. ISBN 979-8-216-06469-5. "The Antikythera Mechanism Research Project". www.antikythera-mechanism.gr. Archived from the original on April 28
Engineering
Computer-based technologies
of years, probably initially in the form of a tally stick. The Antikythera mechanism, dating from about the beginning of the first century BC, is generally
Information_technology
Programmable machine that processes data
according to certain rules, as an aid to calculating sums of money. The Antikythera mechanism is believed to be the earliest known mechanical analog computer
Computer
Computation machine that uses continuously varying data technology
the press, though they may fail to fit modern definitions. The Antikythera mechanism, a type of device used to determine the positions of heavenly bodies
Analog_computer
Powered mechanical device
rotation between contacting toothed wheels can be traced back to the Antikythera mechanism of Greece and the south-pointing chariot of China. Illustrations
Machine
Three-shaft planetary gearset
able to approximate planetary paths observed crossing the sky. The Antikythera mechanism, circa 80 BC, had gearing that was able to closely match the Moon's
Epicyclic_gearing
Self-operating machine
in Hellenistic Greece, though the only surviving example is the Antikythera mechanism, the earliest known analog computer. The clockwork is thought to
Automaton
Book by Jo Marchant
Marchant is an exploration of the history and significance of the Antikythera Mechanism, an ancient mechanical calculator (also described as the first known
Decoding_the_Heavens
Semi-annual astronomical event where the Sun is directly above the Earth's equator
either at the autumnal or vernal equinox and some at solstices. The Antikythera mechanism predicts the equinoxes and solstices. The equinoxes are the only
Equinox
Type of simple planetary gear train
in the design or use of differentials include: 100 BC–70 BC: The Antikythera mechanism has been dated to this period. It was discovered in 1902 on a shipwreck
Differential (mechanical device)
Differential_(mechanical_device)
Tools and weapons used in Ancient Greece
pp. 8–19 (8 & 15). ISBN 090468508X. Wright, M. T. (2007). "The Antikythera Mechanism reconsidered" (PDF). Interdisciplinary Science Reviews. 32 (1):
Ancient_Greek_technology
National museum in Athens, Greece
6th-century BC votive relief from the island of Thassos. Antikythera Ephebe Antikythera mechanism Aphrodite of Syracuse Apollo Omphalos Armed Aphrodite Artemision
National Archaeological Museum, Athens
National_Archaeological_Museum,_Athens
Length of time after which an eclipse repeats
period of 223 lunar months (in Greek numerals, ΣΚΓ′) is in the Antikythera Mechanism user manual on this instrument, made around 150–100 BCE in Greece
Saros_(astronomy)
knowledge and engineering during the Hellenistic age can be seen in the Antikythera mechanism (150–100 BC). It is a 37-gear mechanical computer which calculated
Science in classical antiquity
Science_in_classical_antiquity
Instrument used for measuring the distance traveled by a vehicle
device might have included technology similar to that of the Greek Antikythera mechanism. The odometer of Vitruvius was based on chariot wheels of 4 Roman
Odometer
Archimedes, with knowledge of epicycles and eccentrics, and the Antikythera mechanism also appears to presuppose eccentrics and epicycles in the way it
Ancient_Greek_astronomy
Clock displaying astronomical information
represented by a golden sphere (as it initially appeared in the Antikythera mechanism, back in the 2nd century BC), shown rotating around the Earth once
Astronomical_clock
Change of rotational axis in an astronomical body
signatures are found in the Antikythera Mechanism, an ancient astronomical computer of the second century BC. The mechanism is based on a solar year, the
Axial_precession
Topics referred to by the same term
reducing anxiety Reaction mechanism, the sequence of reactions by which overall chemical change occurs Antikythera mechanism, an ancient Greek analog computer
Mechanism
Planetary motions in archaic models of the Solar System
astronomical treatise the Almagest. Epicyclical motion is used in the Antikythera mechanism,[citation needed] an ancient Greek astronomical device, for compensating
Deferent_and_epicycle
German classical philologist (1871–1949)
Munich)) was a German philologist best known for his work on the Antikythera mechanism - he was the first to propose that it was an astronomical calculator
Albert_Rehm
"father of algebra". Analog computer: In 1900–1901, the Antikythera mechanism was found in the Antikythera wreck. It is thought that this device was an analog
List of Greek inventions and discoveries
List_of_Greek_inventions_and_discoveries
Rotation of a celestial body's orbital line of apsides
period of approximately 8.85 years); it is corrected for in the Antikythera Mechanism (circa 80 BCE) (with the supposed value of 8.88 years per full cycle
Apsidal_precession
Theatre that presents educational and entertaining shows about astronomy
movements of the Sun and the Moon and the planets. The discovery of the Antikythera mechanism proved that such devices already existed during antiquity, though
Planetarium
World Heritage Site in Albania
Bouthroton appears in the oldest known analog computer, the so-called Antikythera Mechanism (c. 150 to 100 BC). The theatre is known for the impressive number
Butrint
Instrument for measuring, keeping or indicating time
Necromancers. London, F.J. Mason. p. 232. Moussas, Xenophon (2018). The Antikythera Mechanism, the first mechanical cosmos (in Greek). Athens: Canto Mediterraneo
Clock
Interdisciplinary study of astronomies in cultures
time. Another well-known artefact with an astronomical use is the Antikythera mechanism. In this case analysis of the artefact, and reference to the description
Archaeoastronomy
Medieval astronomical clock in the Czech Republic
the dial, an astronomer and a chronicler. Czech Republic portal Antikythera mechanism – Ancient Greek analogue astronomical computer Armillary sphere –
Prague_astronomical_clock
2023 film directed by James Mangold
the Lance is fake, but he has found half of Archimedes' Dial, the Antikythera mechanism built by the ancient Syracusan mathematician Archimedes which reveals
Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny
Indiana_Jones_and_the_Dial_of_Destiny
Hill in Athens, Greece
into the lunisolar Attic calendar, a calendar that appears in the Antikythera Mechanism. Today the site of the Pnyx is under the control of the Ephorate
Pnyx
19 solar year recurrence of lunar phases
years. The Metonic cycle was implemented in the 2nd century BC Antikythera mechanism, which offers unexpected evidence for the popularity of the calendar
Metonic_cycle
developed machines both in the civilian and military domains. The Antikythera mechanism, an early known model of a mechanical analog computer, and the mechanical
History_of_engineering
Mathematics of Ancient Greece and the Mediterranean, 5th BC to 6th AD
(extant in Arabic). The construction of analogue computers like the Antikythera mechanism, the measurement of the circumference of the Earth by Eratosthenes
Ancient_Greek_mathematics
perform astronomical calculations. These included the astrolabe and Antikythera mechanism from the Hellenistic world (c. 150–100 BC). A Greek bronze combination
History_of_computing_hardware
Early smartwatch
Saver – Blank. Another application called Antikythera emulates some of the functions of the Antikythera mechanism by calculating the phase of the moon. It
Timex_Datalink
Devices for observing, measuring or recording astronomical data
instrument Astronomical clock: clock displaying astronomical information Antikythera mechanism: ancient Greek analogue astronomical computer Blink comparator:
List of astronomical instruments
List_of_astronomical_instruments
a recursive notation for numbers (e.g., the myriad myriad). The Antikythera mechanism is believed to be the earliest known geared computing device. It
History_of_computing
a brilliant scientist from Syracuse, who in 212 BC invented the Antikythera mechanism, allowing for anyone to use it in the future to travel back in time
List of Indiana Jones characters
List_of_Indiana_Jones_characters
Period of eastern Mediterranean history from 323 to 30 BC
achievement of the Hellenistic age is masterly displayed in the Antikythera mechanism, a 37-gear mechanical analog computer which calculated the motions
Hellenistic_period
British journalist
Heavens (2009), an exploration of the history and significance of the Antikythera mechanism The Shadow King (2013), a study of the afterlife and scientific
Jo_Marchant
2006 studio album by BT
tracks also feature a full 110-piece orchestra; most notably, "The Antikythera Mechanism", which features the orchestra both in original and beat stuttered
This_Binary_Universe
Website of free illustrations by Takashi Mifune
teenagers, depictions of bipedal and quadrupedal chupacabras, and the Antikythera mechanism. Initially, Mifune's illustrations were mainly of a broad, general
Irasutoya
century BC: Analog computers in the Hellenistic world (see e.g. the Antikythera mechanism), possibly in Rhodes. By at least the 3rd century BC: Archimedes'
Timeline of historic inventions
Timeline_of_historic_inventions
Xi'an), China Thirteen Towers solar observatory, Chankillo, Peru Antikythera Mechanism, a geared astronomical computer that calculates lunar and solar
Timeline of telescopes, observatories, and observing technology
Timeline_of_telescopes,_observatories,_and_observing_technology
Circular component rotating on an axle
applications including the water wheel, the cogwheel (see also antikythera mechanism), the spinning wheel, and the astrolabe or torquetum. More modern
Wheel
technical. Panini used metarules, transformations and recursions. The Antikythera mechanism is believed to be an early mechanical analog computer. It was designed
History_of_computer_science
5th century BC Greek astronomer
solar year. The world's oldest known astronomical calculator, the Antikythera Mechanism (2nd century BC), performs calculations based on both the Metonic
Meton_of_Athens
American documentary television series
Treasure" March 20, 2023 (2023-03-20) 33 9 "Decoding the Mysterious Antikythera Mechanism" March 27, 2023 (2023-03-27) 34 10 "The Puzzling Pyramids of Egypt"
History's_Greatest_Mysteries
First electronic general-purpose digital computer
added to the programming mechanism. Mechanical computing machines have been around since Archimedes' time (see: Antikythera mechanism), but the 1930s and 1940s
ENIAC
Mechanism of a clock
wind-up toys. The earliest known example of a clockwork set-up is the Antikythera mechanism. This device functioned as a geared analogue computer after its
Clockwork
Swabian Jura, Germany. Antikythera mechanism – A device for plotting positions of heavenly bodies. Discovered off the island of Antikythera, Greece Book of Silk
List of artifacts significant to archaeoastronomy
List_of_artifacts_significant_to_archaeoastronomy
Mechanical transmission using multiple gears
rotation between contacting toothed wheels can be traced back to the Antikythera mechanism of Greece and the south-pointing chariot of China. Illustrations
Gear_train
Chronometry
an Epirotic calendar are inscribed in order on the dial of the Antikythera mechanism. Information about the Elian calendar is scarce and very desolate
Ancient_Greek_calendars
Halide evaporite mineral
alteration of ancient bronze and copper artifacts. The bronze of the Antikythera mechanism had turned to atacamite under the sea. The mineral has been found
Atacamite
Medical imaging procedure
scans have been optimal for research focused on the workings of the Antikythera mechanism or the text hidden inside the charred outer layers of the En-Gedi
CT_scan
achievement in Hellenistic astronomy and engineering is shown by the Antikythera mechanism. The astronomer Aristarchus of Samos was the first known person
Science_in_the_ancient_world
which he proposed our modern system of apparent magnitudes. The Antikythera mechanism, an ancient Greek astronomical observational device for calculating
History_of_astronomy
Millennium between 1000 BC and 1 BC
Mausoleum guarded by the life-sized Terracotta Army. 2nd century BC Antikythera mechanism Greco-Roman literature Archaic period Homer (late 8th or early 7th
1st_millennium_BC
the abacus, the Antikythera mechanism, astrolabes, mechanical astronomical clocks and mechanical calculators. The Antikythera mechanism is an example for
History_of_software
American extraterrestrial visitation television series
segments focus on out-of-place artifacts, such as: the London Hammer, Antikythera mechanism, or the Aiud object; or segments focus on alleged inconsistencies
Ancient_Aliens
Science museum in Western Australia
v t e Solar System models Devices Antikythera mechanism Armillary sphere Astrarium Astronomical clock Orrery Eise Eisinga Planetarium Tellurion Models
Gravity_Discovery_Centre
Swiss watchmaker, designer and inventor (born 1952)
Museum of Horology. Oechslin also constructed a replica of the Antikythera Mechanism and developed the extremely complicated astronomical Türler Clock
Ludwig_Oechslin
Hipparchus discovers the precession of the equinoxes. c. 87 BCE – The Antikythera mechanism, the earliest known computer, is built. It is an extremely complex
Timeline of Solar System astronomy
Timeline_of_Solar_System_astronomy
American cartoonist (born 1956)
publications of the Munchkin series of card games Cover to The Antikythera Mechanism, music album by Nathaniel Johnstone, 2014 Stanley and His Monster
Phil_Foglio
Computer built from mechanical components such as levers and gears
to operate in the harsh environmental conditions found on Venus. Antikythera mechanism, c. 100 BC – A mechanical astronomical clock. Cosmic Engine, 1092
Mechanical_computer
Swiss luxury watchmaking company
Archaeological Museum of Athens in presenting Hublot's "Tribute to the Antikythera Mechanism" movement. The Hublot movement officially joined the National Museum's
Hublot
Archaeological study of human interaction with the sea
shipwreck found in Croatia Seahenge Antikythera c 80-50 BC, includes the astronomical computer, the Antikythera mechanism Cape Gelidonya – Late Bronze Age
Maritime_archaeology
Scientific study of celestial objects
constellations of the northern hemisphere derive from Greek astronomy. The Antikythera mechanism (c. 150–80 BC) was an early analog computer designed to calculate
Astronomy
Model of objects in the sky consisting of a framework of rings
the national arms and in the national Flag of Portugal in 1911. Antikythera mechanism – Ancient Greek analogue astronomical computer Celestial globe –
Armillary_sphere
Erosion of cultural practices or beliefs
production, and the bow and arrow in warfare. Rivers proposed several mechanisms to explain the disappearance of such practices: The death of specialised
Cultural_loss
Ancient clocktower in Athens, Greece
the movements of the major star groups. The Antikythera mechanism, the only ancient Greek clock mechanism to partially survive, found in a shipwreck,
Tower_of_the_Winds
Day of the year
sister. 1902 – Greek archaeologist Valerios Stais discovers the Antikythera mechanism, an ancient mechanical analog computer. 1914 – The Protocol of Corfu
May_17
Hipparchus: Invention of Astrolabe 205–86 BCE – Hipparchus or unknown: Antikythera mechanism an analog computer of planetary motions 129 BCE – Hipparchus: Hipparchus
Timeline of fundamental physics discoveries
Timeline_of_fundamental_physics_discoveries
Ο μηχανισμός των Αντικυθήρων, το αρχαιότερομηχανικό σύμπαν [The Antikythera Mechanism, the first mechanical cosmos] (in Greek). Athens: Canto Mediterraneo
History of timekeeping devices
History_of_timekeeping_devices
Overview of beliefs regarding eclipses
deduced in first century BCE by Greek astronomers, who developed the Antikythera mechanism and had understood the Sun, Moon, and Earth to be spherical celestial
Eclipses in mythology and culture
Eclipses_in_mythology_and_culture
Technological results from advances in engineering in ancient civilizations
ballistae, the piston pump, and primitive analog computers like the Antikythera mechanism. Hellenistic architects built domes, and were the first to explore
Ancient_technology
Bronze artefact, c. 1600 BC, found in Nebra, Germany
culture – Prehistoric European culture characterized by burial mounds Antikythera mechanism – Ancient Greek analogue astronomical computer Tal-Qadi Temple –
Nebra_sky_disc
Hypothetical planet on the other side of the Sun from Earth
(Theon of Alexandria) Compilations Little Astronomy Instruments Antikythera mechanism Armillary sphere Astrolabe Dioptra Equatorial ring Gnomon Mural
Counter-Earth
Perhaps relying on similar gear-work and technology found in the Antikythera mechanism, the odometer of Vitruvius featured chariot wheels measuring 4 feet
History_of_mathematics
Physical remains of a beached or sunk ship
events off the coast of the Greek island Antikythera on May 17, 1902. The device, known as the Antikythera Mechanism, is perhaps the earliest example of what
Shipwreck
Device used for calculations
used by Sumerians and Egyptians before 2000 BC. Except for the Antikythera mechanism (an "out of the time" astronomical device), development of computing
Calculator
ANTIKYTHERA MECHANISM
ANTIKYTHERA MECHANISM
ANTIKYTHERA MECHANISM
ANTIKYTHERA MECHANISM
Boy/Male
Teutonic
Supports Peace.
Boy/Male
Greek
Christ bearer.
Girl/Female
Hindu
The plaids
Girl/Female
Tamil
Hemashree | ஹேமாஂஷà¯à®°à¯€, ஹேமாஂஸரீ, ஹேமாஂஷà¯à®°à¯€Â
One with golden body
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lord Krishna
Girl/Female
Muslim
Friend, Soft hearted, Companion
Girl/Female
Australian, British, English, Greek, Swedish
Form of Ivy; Ivy Plant; Ivy Tree
Surname or Lastname
English
English : ethnic name originally denoting someone from Denmark. See also Dence. In the British Isles the name is found chiefly in East Anglia.Americanized spelling of German Dennemark, ethnic name for someone from Denmark, from Middle Low German Dennemarken.
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Telugu
Durga; Opening Wide; Tearing
Boy/Male
Indian, Telugu
Famous
ANTIKYTHERA MECHANISM
ANTIKYTHERA MECHANISM
ANTIKYTHERA MECHANISM
ANTIKYTHERA MECHANISM
ANTIKYTHERA MECHANISM
a.
Acting of or by one's self or by itself; -- said especially of a machine or mechanism which is made to perform of or for itself what is usually done by human agency; automatic; as, a self-acting feed apparatus; a self-acting mule; a self-acting press.
n.
The moving parts of a mechanism; as, the works of a watch.
n.
Any mechanism having a rack, as a rack and pinion.
n.
The arrangement or relation of the parts of a machine; the parts of a machine, taken collectively; the arrangement or relation of the parts of anything as adapted to produce an effect; as, the mechanism of a watch; the mechanism of a sewing machine; the mechanism of a seed pod.
n.
Mechanism in which links, or intermediate connecting pieces, are employed to transmit motion from one part to another.
a.
Causing movement in the walls of vessels; as, the vasomotor mechanisms; the vasomotor nerves, a system of nerves distributed over the muscular coats of the blood vessels.
n.
Mechanical operation or action.
n.
That part of a mechanism which serves to lock up, make fast, or adjust to position.
v. t.
To undo the mechanism of; to unmake; as, to unmechanize a structure.
n.
A device or mechanism for producing light by electricity. See Incandescent lamp, under Incandescent.
n.
A mechanism composed of a ratchet wheel, or ratch, and pawl. See Ratchet wheel, below, and 2d Ratch.
n.
An instrument which is turned like a key in fastening or adjusting any mechanism; as, a watch key; a bed key, etc.
n.
An ideal machine; a combination of movable bodies constituting a machine, but considered only with regard to relative movements.
n.
A combination of wheels, and their connection, in a machine or mechanism.
n.
An elementary piece of the mechanism of a lock.
n.
any preparation used to render an organism immune to some disease, by inducing or increasing the natural immunity mechanisms. Prior to 1995, such preparations usually contained killed organisms of the type for which immunity was desired, and sometimes used live organisms having attenuated virulence. since that date, preparations containing only specific antigenic portions of the pathogenic organism are also used, some of which are prepared by genetic engineering techniques.
n.
Any one of the several elementary pieces of a mechanism, as the fixed frame, or a rod, wheel, mass of confined liquid, etc., by which relative motion of other parts is produced and constrained.
n.
The principal or most important spring in a piece of mechanism, especially the moving spring of a watch or clock or the spring in a gunlock which impels the hammer. Hence: The chief or most powerful motive; the efficient cause of action.
n.
An arm attached to a swinging notched arc or rack, to let off the striking mechanism of a repeating clock.
a.
Wound by mechanism connected with the stem; as, a stem-winding watch.