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Calendar year
year 549 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as year 205 Ab urbe condita. The denomination 549 BC for this
549_BC
Legendary emperor of Japan
Suizei's reign started in 581 BC, he had one wife and a sole son who supposedly became the next emperor upon his death in 549 BC. While the Kojiki provides
Emperor_Suizei
Legendary emperor of Japan
genealogy. Annei's reign allegedly began in 549 BC, he had one wife and three sons. After his death in 511 BC, his second or third son supposedly became
Emperor_Annei
Country in West Asia
first unified under the Medes in the 7th century BC and reached its territorial height in the 6th century BC, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid
Iran
Early Bronze Age writing system in present-day Iran
base-120, also uses a decimal system. Beginning around the 9th millennium BC, a token based system came into use in various parts of the ancient Near East
Proto-Elamite_script
with historical and urban settlements dating back to the 5th millennium BC. The Iranian plateau's western regions were home to the Elamites (in Ilam
History_of_Iran
Ancient Iranian empire, 550–330 BC
Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC. At peak, its territorial extent was roughly 5.5 million square kilometres
Achaemenid_Empire
Last pre-Islamic Iranian empire (224–651 AD)
(2005), p. 87. Hourani (2005), p. 9. Eiland, Murray L. (2004). "West Asia 300 BC–AD 600". In Onians, John (ed.). Atlas of World Art. Laurence King Publishing
Sasanian_Empire
Revolution in Iran from 1978 to 1979
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Iranian_Revolution
1980–1988 armed conflict in West Asia
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Iran–Iraq_War
Turco-Persianate empire (1037–1194)
Heming; Peng, Jing (14 August 2008). Chinese Lexicography: A History from 1046 BC to AD 1911. OUP Oxford. pp. 379–380. ISBN 978-0-19-156167-2. Falk, Avner (8
Seljuk_Empire
Hellenistic state in West Asia (312–63 BC)
Greek state in West Asia during the Hellenistic period. It was founded in 312 BC by the Macedonian general Seleucus I Nicator, following the division of the
Seleucid_Empire
Rashidun Caliphate's conquest of the Sasanian Empire
was the first time since the collapse of the Neo-Babylonian Empire in 539 BC at the Battle of Opis, that Mesopotamia was ruled again by Semitic-speaking
Muslim_conquest_of_Persia
Mountain range in Western Asia
tool making techniques. Signs of early agriculture date back as far as 9000 BC in the foothills of the mountains. Some settlements later grew into cities
Zagros_Mountains
Highest political and religious office in Iran
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Supreme_Leader_of_Iran
Neo-Assyrian Empire (911 BC – 609 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626 BC – 539 BC), Medes (678 BC – 549 BC) Imperial Period Persian Empires (550 BC – 651 AD) Achaemenid
List_of_time_periods
Political opposition to the Islamic Republic government
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Iranian_opposition
1736–1796 Iranian dynasty of Turkoman origin
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Afsharid_dynasty
Iran under the Safavid dynasty from 1501 to 1736
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Safavid_Iran
Turco-Mongol empire (1370–1507)
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Timurid_Empire
Ancient pre-Iranian civilization between 3200 and 539 BC
Chalcolithic period (Copper Age). The emergence of written records from around 3000 BC also parallels Sumerian history, where slightly earlier records have been
Elam
Iran under the Pahlavi dynasty from 1925 to 1979
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Pahlavi_Iran
1256-1335 Post-Mongol Empire khanate in Iran
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Ilkhanate
Middle Eastern ethnoreligious group
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Mandaeans
Iran under the Zand dynasty from 1751 to 1794
architecture being revived from nearby sites of pre-Islamic Achaemenid (550–330 BC) and Sasanian (224–651 AD) eras. The tombs of the medieval Persian poets Hafez
Zand_Iran
Decade
article concerns the period 549 BC – 540 BC. 546 BC—Croesus, Lydian king, is defeated by Cyrus of Persia near the River Halys. 546 BC—Cyrus of Persia completes
540s_BC
Ancient people of central Anatolia
Hattush. Faced with Hittite expansion (since c. 2000 BC), Hattians were gradually absorbed (by c. 1700 BC) into the new political and social order, imposed
Hattians
Turkish Empire (c. 1299–1922)
1200–700 BC Caria 1150–547 BC Doris 1100–560 BC Aeolis 1000–560 BC Tuwanuwa 1000–700 BC Ionia 1000–545 BC Urartu 859–595/585 BC Median Empire 678–549 BC Lydia
Ottoman_Empire
819–999 Sunni Iranian empire in Central Asia
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Samanid_Empire
Iran under the Qajar dynasty from 1789 to 1925
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Qajar_Iran
Late 8th-century–1215 Iranian dynasty from Ghor, modern Afghanistan
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Ghurid_dynasty
Iranian royal dynasty (1925–1979)
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Pahlavi_dynasty
Persianate, Sunni-Muslim Turkoman confederation (1378–1508)
1200–700 BC Caria 1150–547 BC Doris 1100–560 BC Aeolis 1000–560 BC Tuwanuwa 1000–700 BC Ionia 1000–545 BC Urartu 859–595/585 BC Median Empire 678–549 BC Lydia
Aq_Qoyunlu
Ancient Iranian people
known as Media between western and northern Iran. Around the 11th century BC, they occupied the mountainous region of northwestern Iran and the northeastern
Medes
Ancient state in West Asia
Neo-Elamite Period », in Lanfranchi, Roaf & Rollinger 2003, pp. 181–231 "BC 788 - 550 BC - Empire Median". globalsecurity.org. Retrieved July 30, 2020. Brosius
Median_kingdom
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Borders_of_Iran
Medieval Muslim Turkic dynasty and state (977–1186)
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Ghaznavid_Empire
Persianate, Muslim Turkoman confederation (1374–1468)
1200–700 BC Caria 1150–547 BC Doris 1100–560 BC Aeolis 1000–560 BC Tuwanuwa 1000–700 BC Ionia 1000–545 BC Urartu 859–595/585 BC Median Empire 678–549 BC Lydia
Qara_Qoyunlu
Iranian famine under the Qajar dynasty
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Persian_famine_of_1917–1919
connections to Iran go back to the Iron Age when the Neo-Assyrian Empire (935–609 BC) ruled over the Persians, Medes and Elamites. The Assyrian community in Iran
Ethnicities_in_Iran
Traditional Iranian female garment
a drawing, said to be copied from an Achaemenid relief of the 5th century BC, of an individual with their lower face hidden by a long cloth wrapped around
Chador
Iranian empire (247 BC – 224 AD)
major Iranian political and cultural power centered in ancient Iran from 247 BC to 224 AD. Its latter name comes from its founder, Arsaces I, who led the
Parthian_Empire
Killings during Iran's cultural revolution
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
1981–1982_Iran_massacres
Senior national security official in Iran
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Secretary of the Supreme National Security Council
Secretary_of_the_Supreme_National_Security_Council
Twelver Shīʿa ruling dynasty of Iran (1501–1736)
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Safavid_dynasty
Oghuz Turkic dynasty
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Seljuk_dynasty
Language of the Mandaean religion and community
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Mandaic_language
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Corruption_in_Iran
Turkish state in central Anatolia from 1077 to 1308
1200–700 BC Caria 1150–547 BC Doris 1100–560 BC Aeolis 1000–560 BC Tuwanuwa 1000–700 BC Ionia 1000–545 BC Urartu 859–595/585 BC Median Empire 678–549 BC Lydia
Sultanate_of_Rum
Iran under Afsharid dynasty from 1736 to 1796
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Afsharid_Iran
Persian parting phrase
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Khuda_Hafiz
Proposed early Bronze Age culture in Iran
Intercultural style or the Halilrud style, is an early Bronze Age (3rd millennium BC) archaeological culture, located in the territory of present-day Sistan and
Jiroft_culture
633–638 AD invasion of the Sasanid Empire by the Rashidun Caliphate
was the first time since the collapse of the Neo-Babylonian Empire in 539 BC with the Battle of Opis, that Mesopotamia was a under direct rule again by
Arab_conquest_of_Mesopotamia
for secondary education. Scholars have discovered documents from around 550 BC relating to an emphasis on education in ancient Persia (modern-day Iran).
Education_in_Iran
Prehistorical period in Western Asia
appearance of classical civilization in the middle of the 1st millennium BC. It is generally regarded as being divided into three ages reflecting the
Prehistory_of_Anatolia
Shia Iranian dynasty in Iran and Iraq (934–1062)
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Buyid_dynasty
Sociocultural region in West and Central Asia
and Hotan bound to the Iranian history. From the 6th century BC to the 3rd century BC, Bahrain was a prominent part of the Persian Empire under the Achaemenid
Greater_Iran
Abdulhussein Sachedina". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 3 (3): 549–562. July–September 1991. JSTOR 604271. Retrieved 31 July 2022. Algar, Hamid;
Politics_of_Iran
other faith". (576 BC – 529 BC) – The Cyrus Cylinder: The world's first charter of human rights. (521 BC) – The game of polo. (500 BC) – First banking system
Culture_of_Iran
Government official in Iran
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Minister of Foreign Affairs (Iran)
Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Iran)
Historical Turkish principalities in Anatolia
1200–700 BC Caria 1150–547 BC Doris 1100–560 BC Aeolis 1000–560 BC Tuwanuwa 1000–700 BC Ionia 1000–545 BC Urartu 859–595/585 BC Median Empire 678–549 BC Lydia
Anatolian_beyliks
d.577 BC Usami no Mikoto [ja] 567–511 BC Annei 549–511 BC(3) Ikisomimi no mikoto [ja] Mishokutsuomi no Mikoto [ja] 553–477 BC Itoku 510–476 BC(4) Amonotoyototsu-hime
Family tree of Japanese deities
Family_tree_of_Japanese_deities
Ancient Semitic maritime civilization
generally views the distinction between Canaanites and Phoenicians after c. 1200 BC as artificial. Renowned for seafaring and trade, the Phoenicians established
Phoenicia
Head of government of Iran
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
President_of_Iran
Anti-American political slogan
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Death_to_America
Kurdish people in Iran
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Kurds_in_Iran
Anatolia during classical antiquity
which fell under Assyrian rule in 713 BC. The Medean Empire turned out to be short lived (c. 625 – 549 BC). By 550 BC, the Median Empire of eastern Anatolia
Classical_Anatolia
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Political repression in the Islamic Republic of Iran
Political_repression_in_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran
Turkish Beylik in northeastern Anatolia
1200–700 BC Caria 1150–547 BC Doris 1100–560 BC Aeolis 1000–560 BC Tuwanuwa 1000–700 BC Ionia 1000–545 BC Urartu 859–595/585 BC Median Empire 678–549 BC Lydia
Danishmendids
1335–1432 Persianate Turco-Mongol state in modern Iraq and western Iran
China: The “Frankish Manner” in the Diez and Topkapı Albums, c. 1350–1450. p. 549-550. Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. The new Islamic dynasties: a chronological
Jalayirid_Sultanate
Military conflict
1200–700 BC Caria 1150–547 BC Doris 1100–560 BC Aeolis 1000–560 BC Tuwanuwa 1000–700 BC Ionia 1000–545 BC Urartu 859–595/585 BC Median Empire 678–549 BC Lydia
Ottoman_Civil_War_(1509–1513)
28th BC – 27th BC – 26th BC – 25th BC – 24th BC – 23rd BC – 22nd BC – 21st BC – 20th BC – 19th BC – 18th BC – 17th BC – 16th BC – 15th BC – 14th BC – 13th
Timeline_of_ancient_history
1709–1738 Afghan monarchy ruled by Ghilji Pashtuns
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Hotak_dynasty
City in Turkey
612–549 BC Achaemenid Empire 549–333 BC Empire of Alexander 333–323 BC Ptolemaic Kingdom 323–312 BC Seleucid Empire 312–83 BC Kingdom of Armenia 83–64 BC
Adana
Ancient Amorite-Akkadian state in Mesopotamia
dominant, Babylonia was exposed. It was in the sixth year of Nabonidus (549 BC) that Cyrus the Great, the Achaemenid Persian "king of Anshan" in Elam,
Babylonia
1250–1487 Turkish beylik in south-central Anatolia
1200–700 BC Caria 1150–547 BC Doris 1100–560 BC Aeolis 1000–560 BC Tuwanuwa 1000–700 BC Ionia 1000–545 BC Urartu 859–595/585 BC Median Empire 678–549 BC Lydia
Karamanids
1077–1260 Persianate Sunni Muslim dynasty of Turkic mamluk origin
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Anushtegin_dynasty
821–873 Sunni Persian dynasty of Khorasan; Abbasid vassals
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Tahirid_dynasty
1200–700 BC Caria 1150–547 BC Doris 1100–560 BC Aeolis 1000–560 BC Tuwanuwa 1000–700 BC Ionia 1000–545 BC Urartu 859–595/585 BC Median Empire 678–549 BC Lydia
Mongol_conquest_of_Anatolia
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Capital_punishment_in_Iran
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
List of heads of state of Iran
List_of_heads_of_state_of_Iran
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
List of prime ministers of Iran
List_of_prime_ministers_of_Iran
Iranian dynasty
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Alid dynasties of northern Iran
Alid_dynasties_of_northern_Iran
Iranian political view of Western culture as toxic
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Gharbzadegi
the Imperial House by dating its foundation further back to the year 660 BC. Emperor Kinmei (r. 539–571) is often considered the first historical emperor
List_of_emperors_of_Japan
Ancient region located in northwestern Iran
Atropatene, while the remaining region became known as Lesser Media. In 678 BC, Deioces united the Median tribes of Media and made the first Iranian Empire
Media_(region)
Historic principality
1200–700 BC Caria 1150–547 BC Doris 1100–560 BC Aeolis 1000–560 BC Tuwanuwa 1000–700 BC Ionia 1000–545 BC Urartu 859–595/585 BC Median Empire 678–549 BC Lydia
Sarukhanids
Historical period of Iranian civilization (c. 3200–2700 BCE)
era in the ancient history of the area of Elam, dating from c. 3100 BC to 2700 BC. In archaeological terms this corresponds to the late Banesh period
Proto-Elamite_(period)
861–1002 Eastern Iranian dynasty
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Saffarid_dynasty
Turkish principality in Anatolia, between 1337-1522
1200–700 BC Caria 1150–547 BC Doris 1100–560 BC Aeolis 1000–560 BC Tuwanuwa 1000–700 BC Ionia 1000–545 BC Urartu 859–595/585 BC Median Empire 678–549 BC Lydia
Beylik_of_Dulkadir
Assyria (605 to 549 BC) Persian Babylonia, Achaemenid Assyria (6th to 4th centuries BC) Seleucid Mesopotamia (4th to 2nd centuries BC) Parthian Asuristan
History_of_Mesopotamia
931–1090 Gilaki dynasty of northern Iran
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Ziyarid_dynasty
Dynasty in northwestern Anatolia from c. 1300 to 1345
1200–700 BC Caria 1150–547 BC Doris 1100–560 BC Aeolis 1000–560 BC Tuwanuwa 1000–700 BC Ionia 1000–545 BC Urartu 859–595/585 BC Median Empire 678–549 BC Lydia
Karasids
distinct regions came under control of the Roman Empire in the second century BC, eventually becoming the core of the Roman Byzantine Empire For times predating
History_of_Turkey
Iranian governmental body (1989–present)
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Supreme National Security Council
Supreme_National_Security_Council
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Khanates_of_Azerbaijan
Ancient kingdom south of Lake Urmia
in an inscription from the 30th year of the rule of Shalmaneser III (828 BC). The Assyrians usually called Manna the "land of the Mannites", Manash, while
Mannaea
Turkic ethnic group
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Iranian_Azerbaijanis
Persian traditional system of athletics
(678–549 BC) Scythian Kingdom (652–625 BC) Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) 550 BC–AD 224 Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Atropatene (c.323 BC–AD 226)
Pahlevani and zoorkhaneh rituals
Pahlevani_and_zoorkhaneh_rituals
Archaeological culture from the Caucasus region
culture) was an archaeological culture that existed from about 4000 BC until about 2000 BC, which has traditionally been regarded as the date of its end; in
Kura–Araxes_culture
549 BC
549 BC
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : nickname for a tall person, from Old English lang, long, Old French long ‘long’, ‘tall’ (equivalent to Latin longus).Irish (Ulster (Armagh) and Munster) : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Longáin (see Langan).Chinese : from the name of an official treasurer called Long, who lived during the reign of the model emperor Shun (2257–2205 bc). his descendants adopted this name as their surname. Additionally, a branch of the Liu clan (see Lau 1), descendants of Liu Lei, who supposedly had the ability to handle dragons, was granted the name Yu-Long (meaning roughly ‘resistor of dragons’) by the Xia emperor Kong Jia (1879–1849 bc). Some descendants later simplified Yu-Long to Long and adopted it as their surname.Chinese : there are two sources for this name. One was a place in the state of Lu in Shandong province during the Spring and Autumn period (722–481 bc). The other source is the Xiongnu nationality, a non-Han Chinese people.Chinese : variant of Lang.Cambodian : unexplained.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : of uncertain origin; possibly from a reduced form of the personal name Dominick.Chinese : from the name of Meng Mingshi, a senior minister of the state of Qin in the Spring and Autumn period (722–481 bc). His descendants adopted the first character of his given name, which means ‘bright’, as their surname.
Surname or Lastname
Chinese
Chinese : there are two sources for this character for Wen, which also means ‘warm’. One is a territory named Wen, and the other an area named Wenyi. Descendants of rulers of these areas adopted Wen as their surname.Chinese : from a character that also means ‘literature’. Its origin, however, is from the given name of an ancient personage called Wen.Chinese : from a character that also means ‘hear’. During the Spring and Autumn period (722–481 bc), in the state of Lu there existed a man who has a supplementary name, Wenren. His descendants adopted the first character of his name, Wen, as their surname.English : unexplained.
Surname or Lastname
Chinese
Chinese : variant of Tang 2.Chinese : variant of Tang 3.Chinese : from a modification of the character Zhong (). In the Xia dynasty (2205–1766 bc), there existed a senior adviser whose name was Zhonggu. Much later, in the Ming dynasty (1368–1644 ad), some descendants settled along a river that became known as the Tong Family river. As the Manchus moved southwards, some took up residence by this river and they too adopted Tong as their surname.Chinese : from Lao Tong, the ‘style name’ given to a son of Zhuan Xu, legendary emperor of the 26th century bc. Two of his sons became important advisers to the next emperor, Ku. Some descendants of Lao Tong adopted a character from his style name as their surname.Chinese : see also Dong.English : metonymic occupational name for a maker or user of tongs (Old English tang(e)), or a habitational name from one of the places named with this word (there are examples in Lancashire, Shropshire, and West Yorkshire), from their situation by a fork in a road or river, considered as resembling a pair of tongs.English : topographic name for someone who lived on a tongue of land, or a habitational name from a place named with this word (Old English tunge, Old Norse tunga), for example Tonge in Leicestershire.Dutch : from a short form of the personal name Antonius (see Anthony). It could also be from Dutch tong ‘tongue’ and hence a nickname for a chatterbox or scold, or possibly a shortening of Van Tongeren, a habitational name for someone from Tongeren in the province of Gelderland.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : voiced variant of the habitational name Crowden. This form appears to have arisen from the place in Devon, 44 of the 49 bearers listed in the 1881 British census having been born in Cornwall or Devon.
Surname or Lastname
Jewish
Jewish : from the Hebrew personal name Amos, of uncertain origin, in some traditions connected with the Hebrew verb amos ‘to carry’, and assigned the meaning ‘borne by God’. This was the name of a Biblical prophet of the 8th century bc, whose oracles are recorded in the Book of Amos. This was one of the Biblical names taken up by Puritans and Nonconformists in the 16th–17th centuries, too late to have had much influence on surname formation, except in Wales.English : variant of Amis, assimilated in spelling to the Biblical name. It occurs chiefly in southeastern England.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : variant spelling of Schum.Chinese : (Pinyin Cen) this surname was derived from an area so named during the Zhou dynasty (1122–221 bc).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name for someone from Dunster in Somerset, recorded in 1138 as Dunestore ‘craggy pinnacle (Old English torr) of a man named Dun(n)’.Henry Dunster emigrated to MA in 1640 from Bury, Lancashire, England, and was made the first president of Harvard College (1640–54) almost immediately upon arrival in MA.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : from the medieval French form of the Latin personal name Sabinus or its feminine form Sabina, originally an ethnic name for a member of an ancient Italic people of central Italy, whose name is of uncertain origin. According to legend, in the 8th century bc the Romans slaughtered the Sabine menfolk and carried off the women. More influential as far as name-giving is concerned was the existence of several Christian saints bearing this name. The masculine name was borne by at least ten early saints (martyrs and bishops), but as a given name the feminine form was always more popular.Jewish : probably also an Americanized form of some like-sounding Jewish name.
Surname or Lastname
Chinese
Chinese : variant of Wen 2.Chinese : from a character in the personal name of Hu Gongman, a retainer of Wu Wang. After the latter established the Zhou dynasty in 1122 bc, he granted the state of Chen to Hu Gongman, whose descendants adopted the second character of his given name, Man, as their surname. This character also means ‘Manchurian’, but the name does not appear to be related to this meaning.Chinese : variant of Wen 3.Chinese : variant of Wan 1.English and Jewish : variant spelling of Mann.Dutch : from Middle Dutch man ‘man’, ‘husband’, ‘vassal’, ‘arbiter’.French : from the Germanic personal name Manno (see Mann 2).Jewish (Ashkenazic) : from the personal name Man, derived from Yiddish ‘man’.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Nye.Chinese : from the name of Nie City, which existed during the Spring and Autumn period (722–481 bc). It was granted to a son of a duke of the state of Qi; his descendants adopted the name of the city as their surname.
Surname or Lastname
Chinese
Chinese : from the place name Pan, which existed in the state of Wei during the Zhou dynasty. Bi Gonggao, fifteenth son of the virtuous duke Wen Wang, was granted a state named Wei when the Zhou dynasty came to power in 1122 bc (see Feng 1). Bi Gonggao in turn granted the area called Pan to one of his sons, whose descendants eventually adopted Pan as their surname. This name is also Romanized as Poon, Pun, and Pon.Korean : There are two Chinese characters for this surname; only one of them, however, is common enough to warrant treatment here. There are three clans which use this character: the KisÅng (also called the KÅje), the Kwangju, and the Namp’yÅng. The founding ancestors of these clans were KoryÅ (918–1392) figures, and it is widely believed that they were related.Spanish and southern French (Occitan) : metonymic occupational name for a baker or a pantryman, from Spanish and Occitan pan ‘bread’ (Latin panis).English and Dutch : metonymic occupational name for someone who cast pans, from Middle English, Middle Dutch panne ‘pan’.Jewish (eastern Ashkenazic) : from Polish, Ukrainian, Yiddish pan ‘lord’, ‘master’, ‘landowner’, hence a nickname for a haughty person.Perhaps also an Americanized spelling or translation of German Pfann (North German Pann).
Girl/Female
Hebrew American English Spanish
God has judged, or God is judge. The Old Testament Daniel was a 6th century BC prophet who...
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained. Perhaps a variant of Wren.Dutch (de Ren) : origin unexplained.Variant spelling of German Renn.Swedish : soldier’s name, from ren ‘reindeer’.Chinese : from the name of Rencheng ‘Ren City’, which was granted to Yu Yang, the 25th son of the Emperor Huang Di (2697–2595 bc). Some of his descendants later adopted the place name as their surname.
Girl/Female
Hebrew American
God has judged, or God is judge. The Old Testament Daniel was a 6th century BC prophet who...
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the personal name Horace, Latin Horatius, a Roman family name of unknown origin, associated chiefly with the name of the poet Quintus Horatius Flaccus (65–8 bc).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname from Old Norse pá ‘peacock’ (see Peacock). This surname is also established in Ireland.Poe is a common surname found in the 17th and 18th centuries in VA and SC. The ancestors of the poet Edgar Allan Poe (1809–49) were of Scotch-Irish descent, having emigrated from Ireland to Lancaster Co., PA, in about 1748.
Girl/Female
Hebrew
God has judged, or God is judge. The Old Testament Daniel was a 6th century BC prophet who...
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained; perhaps a variant of Pink.Chinese : there are two sources of this name, which also means ‘peace’. One is the name of a senior minister of the state of Qi during the Spring and Autumn period (722–481 bc), who was posthumously named Yan Pingzhong. The other source is a city called Ping in the state of Han during the Warring States period (403–221 bc). It was granted to a marquis whose descendants adopted the place name as their surname.
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly East Anglia)
English (mainly East Anglia) : habitational name from Lyng in Norfolk, so named from Old English hlinc ‘hillside’, or from either of two places in Norfolk and Lincolnshire named Ling, from Old Norse lyng ‘ling’, ‘heather’. There is also a Lyng in Somerset, so named from Old English lengen ‘long place’.German : variant of Link.Chinese : from a word meaning ‘ice’. In ancient times, the imperial palace was able to enjoy ice in the summer by storing winter ice in a cellar, entrusting its care to an official called the iceman. This post was once filled during the Zhou dynasty (1122–221 bc) by a descendant of Kang Shu, the eighth son of Wen Wang, who had been granted the state of Wei soon after the establishment of the Zhou dynasty. Descendants of this particular iceman adopted the word for ice, ling, as their surname.
549 BC
549 BC
Boy/Male
Bihari, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada
Starting; Humble; Ocean
Boy/Male
Tamil
Boy/Male
Indian, Parsi
Perfection
Girl/Female
Arabic, Australian, Christian, Greek, Irish
From the Gateway; Foreign; Gate
Girl/Female
French
Jove's child. A feminine of Julian.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from places in Lancashire and Sussex. The former seems from the present-day distribution of the surname to be the major source, and is named from Old English scingel ‘shingle(s)’ + tūn ‘enclosure’, ‘settlement’; the latter gets its name from Old English sengel ‘burnt clearing’ + tūn.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Lord Shiva
Girl/Female
English
Dearly loved.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : possibly from bleak ‘pale’ (first attested in the 16th century, but probably a much older word, derived from Old Norse bleikr, a cognate of Old English blÄc). The name John Bleke is recorded at Haddenham, near Ely, in 1585. However, the Low German or Dutch name Bleeke was introduced to England by a waterman recorded at Gravesend, Kent, in 1653, and this may account for some if not all examples of the name.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Slayer of the famous Ravana
549 BC
549 BC
549 BC
549 BC
549 BC
n.
The space included between the boundary lines of two similar parallelograms, the one within the other, with an angle in common; as, the gnomon bcdefg of the parallelograms ac and af. The parallelogram bf is the complement of the parallelogram df.
n.
The acetabulum. See Acetabulum, 2. Q () the seventeenth letter of the English alphabet, has but one sound (that of k), and is always followed by u, the two letters together being sounded like kw, except in some words in which the u is silent. See Guide to Pronunciation, / 249. Q is not found in Anglo-Saxon, cw being used instead of qu; as in cwic, quick; cwen, queen. The name (k/) is from the French ku, which is from the Latin name of the same letter; its form is from the Latin, which derived it, through a Greek alphabet, from the Ph/nician, the ultimate origin being Egyptian.
v. t.
The fourth part of the distance from one point of the compass to another, being the fourth part of 11¡ 15', that is, about 2¡ 49'; -- called also quarter point.
a.
At right angles to a given line or surface; as, the line ad is perpendicular to the line bc.
n.
A vocal, or sometimes a whispered, sound modified by resonance in the oral passage, the peculiar resonance in each case giving to each several vowel its distinctive character or quality as a sound of speech; -- distinguished from a consonant in that the latter, whether made with or without vocality, derives its character in every case from some kind of obstructive action by the mouth organs. Also, a letter or character which represents such a sound. See Guide to Pronunciation, // 5, 146-149.
n.
One of the elements, a solid substance resembling a metal in its physical properties, but in its chemical relations ranking with the nonmetals. It is of a steel-gray color and brilliant luster, though usually dull from tarnish. It is very brittle, and sublimes at 356¡ Fahrenheit. It is sometimes found native, but usually combined with silver, cobalt, nickel, iron, antimony, or sulphur. Orpiment and realgar are two of its sulphur compounds, the first of which is the true arsenicum of the ancients. The element and its compounds are active poisons. Specific gravity from 5.7 to 5.9. Atomic weight 75. Symbol As.